General
Peppermint is a vigorous, aromatic perennial herb and a natural hybrid between water mint and spearmint. It is widely used for teas, desserts, confectionery, and medicinal preparations due to its high menthol content. The plant spreads rapidly via underground runners and can quickly dominate garden beds if not contained. It is extremely hardy and regrows reliably each spring.
Light
Partial sun to partial shade; tolerates full sun with adequate moisture.
Soil type
Moist, fertile, well-drained loam rich in organic matter.
Water requirement
High; requires consistent moisture for lush growth.
Nutrient requirement
Low to medium; excessive fertilization reduces aroma.
Precultivation
Peppermint is rarely grown from seed because seedlings vary. Propagation is best done by division or cuttings taken from healthy shoots, which root easily in moist soil or water.
Planting
Plant in spring once the soil has warmed. Choose a location with adequate moisture and space, or grow in containers. Space plants 40–50 cm apart if grown in open ground. Water well during establishment.
Pruning
Frequent cutting encourages bushy growth and delays flowering. Cut back hard once or twice during summer to rejuvenate plants and maintain quality foliage.
Maintenance
Keep soil evenly moist and mulch to retain moisture. Fertilize lightly with compost in spring. Remove flowers if focusing on leaf production. Divide clumps every 2–3 years to maintain vigor.
Harvest
Harvest leaves throughout the growing season. For drying, cut stems just before flowering and dry quickly in a shaded, well-ventilated area.
Common issues
Rust and powdery mildew can occur in crowded, humid conditions. Root spread can become invasive without control.
Pollination
Insect-pollinated, mainly by bees.
Companion plants
Cabbage, broccoli, carrots, tomatoes (may deter some pests).
Incompatible plants
Plants sensitive to competition from spreading roots.
