General
Horseradish is a hardy perennial grown for its pungent roots. It is very vigorous and can become invasive if not managed. The plant produces large leaves and small white flowers but is mainly cultivated for its root.
Soil type
Deep, loose, well-drained soil; prefers sandy loam.
Water requirement
Moderate; keep evenly moist during growth.
Nutrient requirement
Moderate; avoid excessive nitrogen.
Precultivation
Rarely grown from seed. Propagation is done using root cuttings taken from established plants.
Planting
Plant root cuttings in early spring or autumn in a permanent location. Set them slightly angled in loose soil. Space plants about 50–60 cm apart.
Pruning
No pruning required. Remove unwanted shoots to control spread.
Maintenance
Keep soil loose and weed-free. Water during dry periods. Remove spreading roots if needed to control growth.
Harvest
Harvest roots in autumn or winter after frost. Dig carefully and select the largest roots. Smaller pieces can be replanted.
Common issues
Spreads aggressively. Forked roots occur in compact soil. Generally pest-resistant but may attract flea beetles.
Pollination
Insect-pollinated, but usually propagated vegetatively.
Companion plants
Potato, fruit trees, brassicas (with spacing).
Incompatible plants
None critical, but avoid crowding sensitive plants due to spreading roots.
